Battery life

What is Battery

A battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections for powering electrical devices such as flashlights, mobile phones, and electrical cars.

when a battery is supplying electric power, its positive terminal is the cathode and its negative terminal is the anode.

Battery

How Battery works

A battery is a device that stores chemical energy and converts it to electrical energy. The chemical reactions in a battery involve the flow of electrons from one material (electrode) to another through an external circuit. The flow of electrons provides an electric current that can be used to do work.

Rechargeable battery 

How to preserve more battery on mobile.

Battery 

Few methods:

• Battery saver mode: switch on battery saver mode which will help battery to stay for longer time.
  
• Background battery usage: Go to settings and choose which applications can use battery when your not using phone this will save battery unnecessarily used by application.
  
• Dark mode : choose dark mode so that all screen appears in dark.
• Always on mode: switch off this option will save more battery.

How to save battery life :

1. Do not charge overnight using fast charger, if we use fast charger more heat will be produced which may lead to damage of battery.
2. Use standard company charger and power bank.

Battery Facts.

Batteries work by providing continuous DC.The battery will work until all of the energy has been used up. If it rechargeable it can be used again. If it is not rechargeable then it is garbage.

The power in a battery is created by chemistry.

Rechargeable batteries are used in cars.

NiMH batteries are nickel metal hydride and are commonly used in portable electronics such as toys and portable home phones.

Batteries can come as wet cell or dry cell.

it is possible to use potatoes as source of battery power, although they are not capable of producing a lot of it.

Lemons can also be used to make power.

What is Internet

Internet has taken control over life nowadays, without internet nobody can be at peace at-least for 15 min.

nowadays we are doing everything digitally which requires internet.

phonepe, whatsapp, paytm, google pay, many things in which we are depend on internet.

What is internet.

The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses internet protocol(TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices.

internet is just connection of devices through wires, cables. whole world is connected. connection is done by different companies let's have a brief idea.

Tier 1 company lays optical fiber all over world through sea route.

Tier 2 company works on country wise.

Tier 3 company works on local wise.

How does Internet work.

when two people chat from INDIA to SINGAPORE internet is made used ,packet (data) which we want to send from one machine to another machine will travel the routing path with data protection in such a way that in middle one can decode that data. 

up-to one point data will travel through Wi Fi but whole world is connected through cables, like optical fiber which carry the data(packets).

The ISP which we make use (to which we are paying money) they will carry our data and send upto India border once its touches the Singapore there ISP will carry the packets and they will make sure data will reach the end user.

both the countries are paying for optical fiber laying through sea, so both countries are making use of it.

IP address is given to all devices which helps identify the device.

Few Facts about internet

• The internet is 9110 days old today.
• Internet would weigh about 50 grams. as per scientist who measured the weight of multiple billions of electrons which make up the data that we send back and forth every day.
• half of world population make use of internet.
• Walking sticks, umbrellas, shirts, water bottles, tails all this can be connected to internet.
• The average person spends more than 10 hours a day with internet, which is more time then we sleep.

Future of internet 

The infrastructure which we make use to run the internet in backend will have higher version of devices like router, switches, load balancer and firewall.

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Fan

Fan is found in almost everyone house, its very much needed when temperature increase and humans feels hot especially during summer.

Fan working mechanism.

Electric fan works on the principle of conversion of electric enegry into mechanical energy and in this case mechanical energy is the rotarty motion. When AC is supplied to electric fan it first reaches capacitor. capactior sends high energy to the stator windings.

stator windings develops rotating magnetic field and which forces the rotor to rotate in the direction of magnetic field.

electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy, rotor and housing to spin and the blade attached to the housing throws away the air nearby and create cooling effect.

Fan

Parts of Fan

Capacitor : capacitor is used to store energy, this store energy is used to rotate the fan from rest state.

Axle: Axle is the metallic rod mostly made up of mild steel. Axle is connected from ceiling to fan housing 

Bearings: Ball bearings are used in the electric fan, 2 bearings which are link between housing and axle gives the rotary motion to the housing.

stator : stator windings is to convert electric current into magnetic field.

Rotar: Rotar in the electric motor is the permanent magnetic in the shape of half circles.

Housing: outer part or the electric fan.

Blades : Blades or wings used to rotate.

Future of electric fan.

Electric fan make use of 9% of residential energy, which is almost equal to power plant energy, so in future by using BLDC  technology  we can reduce use of energy by electric fan.

BLDC motor are more efficient.

xerox machine

Xerox machine is found in every office, every college, especially near engineering college we can see xerox shops, as we all know students wants Xerox notes during exam.

everyday while going to college we may go through xerox shop,after getting jobs we use xerox machine but never taught how does it work lets know it.

Xerox machine 

how does xerox machine work.

xerox machine work on the principle that opposites attract. Toner is a powder that is used to create the printed text and images on paper. The drum which is located in the heart of a photocopier, is positively charged using static electricity. An image is transferred using laser.

Main function :

photocopier produce copies using laser technology, a dry process that uses electrostatic charge on a light-sensitive photo-receptor to transfer toner onto paper to form an image.

Static electricity:

paper which we want photocopy is placed downwards onto a sheet of glass. using static electricity , an image of this paper is projected onto a positively charged drum. The coating on the drum can conduct electricity when light hit it.

Charging :

cylindrical drum is electrostatically charged by a high voltage wire called charge roller. The drum has a coating of a photo conductive material. A photo-conductor is a semiconductor that becomes conductive when exposed to light.

Exposure:

A bright lamp expose document to make a copy.

Developing :

Toner is positively charged when it is applied to drum to develop the image.

Few facts of xerox machine.

color copies helped make Disney's 101 dalmatian

danger of catching fire.

Components of xerox machine.

• Laser
• Photo-conductive Drum
• charge corona
• Toner unit
• Transfer corona 
• Fuser unit
• Cleaning unit
• Ribbon
• Print-head
• Ink cartridge

Xerox machine we use in many ways but we never electronics is made used there  

Amazon quiz

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Question 1 of 5:

Who recently became the first batsman to hit centuries in back to back IPL matches?

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Which of these actors is one of the producers of the movie Chhalaang starring Rajkummar Rao?

The answer is- Ajay Devgn

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Which former model's bronze statue was recently unveiled in her hometown of Sevniça in Slovenia?

The answer is- Melania Trump

 

Question 4 of 5:

What mandatory cloth is used in the making of this flag? (See Images)

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Electric meter

Electric meter calculate the amount of energy used by revolving dial that turns according to energy consumption. it calculate amount of energy used Kilowatt per hour

meters run by continuously measuring voltage and current to give energy use per hour

For residential purpose its directly connected from source to customer directly from in-line.

For commercial purpose where more than 200 Ampere current is made used they should use current transformer 

Electric meter specification

electric meter 

meter reading for single phase 2 wire class 1

current rating for 5-30 Amps 

energy used in KW h and demand in KW 

standard reference voltage : 240 V

standard frequency :50 Hz

How to check meter reading

meter board calculate energy used per hour =kilowatt/hour

1 kilowatt hour =1000 watt hours.

if we use 50 W bulb for 10 hours energy used is 50 Watts x 10 = 500 Watts(0.5 KW/h)

How to calculate electricity bill from Electric meter

Dial rotating is directly proportional to amount of energy used.number displayed is number of dial is rotated.your meter reading will never reset to zero.

The number displayed represents the kilowatt-hours that has been used since the meter installed. so number will grow every month. 

Current meter reading - meter reading last month report = total kWh used

Total  kWh charge per kWh = Total energy charge

Total energy charge + Fixed monthly fees = Final bill.

How does Electric meter work:

Electric meter has 4 system: Driving system, Moving system, Braking system, Integration system.

The driving system has 2 electromagnets ,upper one is shut electromagnet and lower one is series electromagnet. current is flowing through the wires wounded on electromagnet which produces eddy current.

moving system has disc which will be rotating by eddy current produced by shut and series electromagnet.

braking system used to break the aluminium disc rotation.

Integration method used to record how many times disc rotated means how many kilowatt is used will be recorded and we get the bill.

how does a UPS work

UPS has become basic need for everyone in today's situation, as most of us are working from home.

how does a UPS work

An uninterruptible power supply(UPS)  provides power backup continuously when our regular power source fails or voltage drops to an unacceptable levels

UPS typically used to protect hardware such as computers, data centers, telecommunication equipment or other devices, unexpected power disruption may cause loss in data, to save data UPS was used, nowadays for home purpose also we make use of it.

Parts of UPS 

Rectifier : convert AC (mains supply) to DC (which is stored in battery).

Inverter : convert DC voltage to AC voltage and regulates AC voltage.

Static bypass : Automatically connects load  to main supply if overload or fault occurs.

Battery : power is supplied when mains power fails.

Luminous UPS

1800 watts

It can be connected to any inverter and give battery backup up to 4 to 5 hours during power outrages ,it stores 1800 watts when fully charged.

UPS 

Few facts about UPS

UPS can be small as a notebook or large as a room. The difference in size depends on the requirements. 

Common reason for failures is their batteries.

The first UPS was rotary design, which used a flywheel to give short intervals of backup power.